| 题号 | 题型 | 我的答案 | 正确答案 | 结果 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q16 | T/F/NG | TRUE | NOT GIVEN | |
| Q17 | T/F/NG | TRUE | FALSE | |
| Q19 | T/F/NG | FALSE | NOT GIVEN | |
| Q24 | 填空题 | E (cope with difficult situations) | C | |
| Q27 | 填空题 | B (helped create language in humans) | D |
Kant believed that a successful joke involves the controlled release of nervous energy.
"Kant and Freud felt that joke-telling relies on building up a psychic tension which is safely punctured by the ludicrousness of the punchline."
nervous energy（神经能量）vs psychic tension（心理紧张）。虽然这两个概念有关系，但它们不是同义词。Current thinking on humour has largely ignored Aristotle's view on the subject.
"But most modern humour theorists have settled on some version of Aristotle's belief that jokes are based on a reaction to or resolution of incongruity..."
关键短语：settle on = 选定、采纳。"settled on some version of Aristotle's belief" = 现代理论家们采纳了亚里士多德观点的某个版本。↔ "largely ignored" = 基本上忽视了 → 直接矛盾 → FALSE。
settle on 是一个重要的短语：settle on sth = 决定采用某事物、选定某事物。这和 ignore 是反义词。Most comedians use personal situations as a source of humour.
"A comedian will present a situation followed by an unexpected interpretation that is also apt."
NG vs FALSE 老规矩：原文没有讨论"个人情境"这个子话题 → NOT GIVEN。FALSE 要求原文有直接矛盾的证据，"没提到某个限定词"不是矛盾。
One of the brain's most difficult tasks is to ___
"Making a rapid emotional assessment of the events of the moment is an extremely demanding job for the brain... Energy and arousal levels may need to be retuned in the blink of an eye."
Peter Derks believes that humour ___
"As Peter Derks...says: 'I like to think of humour as the distorted mirror of the mind. It's creative, perceptual, analytical and lingual. If we can figure out how the mind processes humour, then we'll have a pretty good handle on how it works in general.'"
| 问题类型 | 具体表现 | 错题 | 改进方法 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 专业术语替换不精确 | nervous energy ≠ psychic tension，大意相似但不对等 | Q16 | 专业术语不能"差不多"就算对，关键词不对等 → NG |
| 短语 settle on 不认识 | settle on = 采纳/选定，理解反了导致 FALSE 选成 TRUE | Q17 | settle on sth = decide on / adopt，是核心短语，必须记住 |
| NG vs FALSE：没提到 ≠ 矛盾 | 原文说 "a situation" 没提 personal，选了 FALSE | Q19 | "没提到某个限定词"不是矛盾证据，是原文没讨论 → NG |
| 配对题选了"合理但不精确"的选项 | "cope with difficult situations" 看起来对但原文说的是 "respond to events of the moment" | Q24 | 配对题每个选项的每个词都要在原文找到对应 |
| "具有特征"≠"导致/创造" | "humour is lingual" ≠ "humour helped create language" | Q27 | 区分"X 是 Y"和"X 导致了 Y" |
| 原文表达 | 题目/选项表达 | 中文 | 题号 |
|---|---|---|---|
serves no apparent biological purpose | biologically important in several ways | 没有明显的生物学目的 ↔ 在多方面具有生物学重要性（矛盾→FALSE） | Q14 |
a delighted feeling of superiority over others | a sign of above-average intelligence | 对他人的优越感 ≠ 高于平均的智力（不对等→NG） | Q15 |
settled on some version of Aristotle's belief | largely ignored Aristotle's view | 采纳了亚里士多德的观点 ↔ 基本忽视了（矛盾→FALSE） | Q17 |
understand...language understanding and reasoning in machines | links jokes to artificial intelligence | 理解机器中的语言理解和推理 = 将笑话与人工智能联系起来（TRUE） | Q18 |
rapid emotional assessment of the events of the moment / in the blink of an eye | respond instantly to whatever is happening | 对当下事件做即时情绪评估 = 即时回应正在发生的事 | Q24 |
a pretty good handle on how it works in general | valuable information about the operation of the brain | 很好地了解大脑总体运作方式 = 关于大脑运作的宝贵信息 | Q27 |
| 词汇 | 释义 | 雅思高频 | 真题出现 |
|---|---|---|---|
| settle on | v. 选定，决定采用 | 高频短语动词 | 剑5T2P2（Q17 直接考了） |
| pedigree /ˈpedɪɡriː/ | n. 血统，渊源，来历 | 学术阅读 | 剑5T2P2 |
| incongruity /ˌɪnkɒnˈɡruːəti/ | n. 不协调，不一致 | 学术核心 | 剑5T2P2 |
| ludicrousness /ˈluːdɪkrəsnəs/ | n. 荒唐，可笑 | — （ludicrous ） | 剑5T2P2 |
| appeasement /əˈpiːzmənt/ | n. 安抚，抚慰 | 社科话题 | 剑5T2P2 |
| prefrontal cortex | n. 前额叶皮层 | 心理/脑科学话题 | 剑5T2P2 |
| temporal lobes | n. 颞叶 | 脑科学话题 | 剑5T2P2 |
| orbital prefrontal cortex | n. 眶额叶皮层 | — 专业词 | 剑5T2P2 |
| puncture /ˈpʌŋktʃə/ | v. 刺破，刺穿（比喻：打破紧张） | 多义词 | 剑5T2P2 |
| vocalisations /ˌvəʊkəlaɪˈzeɪʃənz/ | n. 发声 | — | 剑5T2P2 |
| arousal /əˈraʊzl/ | n. 唤醒，觉醒（生理/心理） | 心理学话题 | 剑5T2P2 |